Operating and locking mechanism for casement type windows



April 16, 1963 s. c. REYNAUD 3,085,299 OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 var, amvz/si /4d INVENTOR.

/ 'dwz/e/ 6'. 76377411 F'iled Sept April 16, 1963 s. c. REYNAUD OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Filed Sept. 1, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. cyfidzz BY w ,9'7- awwKq April 16, 963 s. c. REYNAUD OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM FOR CASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 1, 1960 S?! W M z u RW Ne x w. 7 I

United States Patent 3,085,299 OPERATING AND LUCKING MECHANISM FOR EASEMENT TYPE WINDOWS Samuel C. Reynaud, 845 Lake Shore Drive, Grosse Pointe Shores, Mich. Fiied Sept. 1, I960, Ser. No. 53,438 Claims. (til. 29-42) This invention relates generally to casement type windows and more particularly to improved operating and locking mechanism for casement type windows.

Casement type windows consist of an upright sash mounted for horizontal swinging movement, namely, swinging movement about a vertical axis which may be fixed or movable, relative to a fixed frame. Many windows of this type are constructed with a metal sash but the advantages of wood from the standpoint of appearance and insulation qualities for this purpose are well recognized. However, ditiiculty is encountered in securing the window operating hardware to the wood sash. This is usually accomplished with wood screws and because they carry some of the window operating load, they tend to work loose in the sash, allowing the sash to sag and become loose relative to the frame. Also, windows of this type often require cumbersome separate locks and there is the danger of damage due to improper coordination of separate locking and operating devices. It is an object of this invention, therefore, to provide an improved operating and locking mechanism for windows which includes a concealed locking mechanism which operates automatically in response to closing movement of the window; preformed cavities are provided in the sash by forming the ends of the interfitting sash members of a particular shape for receiving the operating hardware so that the hardware can be securely attached to the sash and extend into the cavities; the same hardware can be used at both the top and bottom ends of the sash, thereby reducing costs; and the sash can be installed either end up.

Further objects, features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from a consideration of the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawing in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view looking from the inside of a building of a casement type window provided with the improved operating and locking mechanism of this invention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of one side of the window looking substantially along the line 2-2 in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the window looking substantially along the line 3--3' in FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a foreshortened vertical sectional view of a window showing the sash in a closed locked position and showing the locking cam for the window in an unlocking position in broken lines as seen substantially along the line 4-4 in FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a window in a partially open position showing the locking mechanism in a position about to be actuated to lock the window, with a portion of the window frame removed for purposes of clarity;

FIGURE 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of one corner of the sash;

FIGURE 6A is an exploded perspective view of the same corner of the sash;

FIGURE 7 is a plan view of the window operating mechanism which is applied to the bottom side of the sash and mounted at the bottom end of the frame;

FIGURE 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the operating mechanism looking substantially along "Ice the line 88 in FIGURE 7 and showing the mechanism applied to the bottom side of the sash;

FIGURES 9 and 10 are detail sectional views looking substantially along the lines 99 and 10-40 in FIG URE 8;

FIGURE 11 is a plan view of the portion of the operating mechanism which is applied to the top side of the sash; and

FIGURE 12 is a detail sectional view looking substantially along the line 1212 in FIGURE 11, and showing the operating mechanism applied to the top side of the sash and in assembly relation with a track carried by the top end of the frame.

With reference to the drawing, the window operating and locking mechanism of this invention, indicated generally at 10, is illustrated in FIG. 4 applied to a window 12 of casement type. The window 12 is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4 as including left and right side frame members 16 and 18 connected at their upper ends by a header 20 and at their lower ends by a sill 22 to form a generally rectangular relatively rigid frame 14 adapted to be secured within an opening in a building wall or the like. The frame 14 is illustrated as being of a wood material since this material has the advantages previously listed and is preferred at the present time. A rectangular sash 24 is mounted within the frame 14 for horizontal swinging movement in response to operation of the mechanism 10-. The sash, which is also constructed of a wood material, is formed of left and right side sash members 26 and 28 connected at their upper ends by a top member 3% and at their lower ends by a bottom member 32. Glass or other material 34 is secured within the sash 24 by any conventional means.

As shown in FIGURES 6 and 6A, the top sash member 30 is formed with an inwardly offset flange surface 37 and at its right end the member 30 is provided with a pair of spaced tongue members 36 and 38 which are spaced below the top or outer surface 40 of the member 30 and are spaced apart in a direction laterally of the member 30. The right frame member 28 is formed at its top end with a pair of tongue portions 42 and 44 which are spaced apart laterally a distance to receive the tongue 38 therebetween with the tongue portion 42 projecting into the space between the tongues 36 and 38. The sash members 28 and 30 are initially milled with their adjacent ends provided with the tongues 42, 44 and 36, 38, respectively, so that when the sash members are connected as shown in FIG. 6 with the tongue 36 abutting a corresponding portion 46 of the sash member 28, an irregularly shaped cavity 48 is formed in the top side of the sash at one end of the surface 40. The cavity 48 has vertical walls or surfaces 50 and 52 which are arranged in a facing relation and are spaced in a direction laterally of the sash 24 and an end wall surface 51. A vertical surface or wall 54 is also formed which is parallel to the surface 50 and is on the inside of the sash 24. The added width of the tongue 42 relative to the tongue 44 is for purposes of strength since it reduces the load on tongue 38.

Thelower end of the sash member 28 is likewise formed with tongue portions 56 and 58 like the tongue portions 42 and 44 (FIG. 8). The bottom sash member 32 is formed at the end adjacent the sash member 28 so that it has tongues 60* and 62 like the tongues 36 and 38 on the sash member 30 so as to form a cavity 64 at one end of the bottom sash member 32 which is identical in size and shape to the cavity 48 and is in vertical alignment with the cavity 48. The cavities 48 and 64 provide for a secure attachment of the operating mechanism for the window 14 to the sash 24 in a manner to be hereinafter described. The mechanism 10 consists of an operating mechanism 66 mounted on the frame 14 and connected to the upper and lower ends of the sash 24 and a locking mechanism 68 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4), mounted on the left frame member 16 and the left sash member 26. The operating mechanism 66 includes lower and upper frame bars 70 and 72 secured to the sill 22 and the header 20, respectively, and which are preferably formed of a noncorrosive metal such as aluminum extrusions. The lower frame bar 70 is formed on the side thereof corresponding to the outer side of the building in which the window 12 is installed with an elongated track 74 which extends lengthwise of the sill 22 for at least a portion of the length thereof. The upper frame bar 72 is formed with a similar track 76 which is identical in size and shape to the track 74 and extends lengthwise of the header 20. A beam 73, likewise formed of a noncorrosive material such as aluminum, and having downwardly extending side flanges 79, is secured to the lower sash member 32 so that it extends lengthwise of the tongue 60' thereof.

At one end the beam 78 is provided with a lateral extension member 80, secured to the beam 78 by rivets 82, which is of an irregular shape as shown in FIG. 8. The extension member 80 has a flat body portion 84 which is vertically offset from a portion 81 positioned against the underside of the beam 78 between the side flanges 79 so as to form a vertical shoulder 86 at the juncture of the portions 80 and 81. Spaced from the shoulder 86, the body 84 is formed with a pair of upwardly extending projections 38 which are laterally spaced a distance corresponding to the spacing of the surfaces 61 and 63 in the sash cavity 64.

The beam '78 is secured to the sash member 32 by means such as the wood screws so that the projections 88 extend into the cavity 64 and engage the surfaces 61 and 63 thereof and one of the flanges 79 engages the surface 65. By virtue of the reception of the beam extension member 80- within the cavity 64, which is preformed so that it will snugly receive the extension member 80, a secure attachment of the beam 78 to the sash member 32 is provided which will limit the load which must be carried by the wood screws 90 during opening and closing movement of the sash member 24.

A beam 92 which is identical with and interchangeable with the beam 78 is provided at the upper end of the sash 24 and is formed with an extension member 94 identical to the extension member 80. The extension member 94 has a body portion 96 which is ofiset vertically from a portion positioned between upwardly extending flanges 97 on the beam 92 and secured to the beam 92 by rivets 98. A shoulder 100 is formed at the juncture of the portions 95 and 96. The body portion 96 is also formed with laterally spaced downwardly extending projections 102 spaced to engage the side walls 50 and 52 of the cavity 48.

In the assembly of the beam 92 with the sash member 30, the beam 92 is secured to the sash member surface 37 by wood screws 104 so that the projections 102 extend into the cavity 48 and engage the side walls 50 and 52 and the beam flange 97 adjacent the shoulder 100 engages the surface 54. This engagement of these vertical surfaces precludes twisting of the beam 92 on the sash member 30. The cavity 48 also functions to locate the beam 92 in the correct position on the sash 24,- thereby facilitating on the job installation of the window 12. The cavity is of a size such that when the beam extension member 94 is positioned with its edges 117 and 119 engaging the cavity walls 51 and 52 the beam 92 is properly located on the sash 24,. The cavity 64 has corresponding walls which locate the extension member 80. Each of the beams 78 and 92 is formed with a track 106 which extends longitudinally thereof between the side flanges for a purpose to appear presently.

A carriage, indicated generally by the numeral 108, is also provided for each of the beams 78 and 92. Each carriage 108 includes a fiat plate 110 pivotally connected by a pin 112 to the extension of its corresponding beam between the projections thereon. The pin 112 is provided with a head 114 spaced from the beam extension member so that the plate 110 is movable vertically on the pin 112 between the head 114 and the beam extension member. Each plate 110 also carries a pair of rollers 116 formed of a noncorrosive material such as plastic and of a size to roll within and be retained within a track 74 or 76.

Each of the extension members 80 and 94 is formed with an opening 120 at a position spaced from the pin 112 which connects the carriage 108 to the extension member. A spacer washer 122, of irregular shape, has a head portion 124 which extends partially about the pivot 112 which supports the lower carriage 108. The spacer washer 122 has a leg portion 126 formed with a projection 128 of a size to be frictionally received within the opening 120 when the head portion 124 is extended partially about the pivot 112 so as to maintain the lower carriage 108 a fixed vertical distance from the extension member 80. The spacer washer 122 thus functions to eliminate any play between the extension member 80 and its carriage 108 so that the sash is firmly supported upon the lower frame bar 70. The spacer washer 122 is eliminated in the upper carriage 108 so that some tolerance in the spacing between the upper track 76 and the lower track 74 is permissible without eliminating the positive support of the sash on the lower frame bar 70. This is accomplished while still providing for the use of a beam 78 or 92 at either the top or bottom of the window and making it possible to install the sash 24 either end up.

The locking mechanism 68 consists of an upright lock bar 130 which is guidably supported in a pair of vertically spaced guide brackets 132 secured to the frame side mem ber 16. Each of the brackets 132 is preferably constructed of a noncorrosive material such as aluminum and/ or plastic and includes a retainer flange 134 which engages one edge and one side of the lock bar 130 and an integral undercut boss 136 which engages the opposite side of the lock bar 130. Each bracket 132 also includes a second integral undercut boss 13% spaced above the first boss and also engaging the lock bar 130. A locking cam or hook member 140 is mounted on a pivot 142 carried by the upper boss 13-8 in the upper bracket 132 for swinging movement between a locked position shown in solid lines in FIGURE 4 and an unlocked position shown in broken lines in FIGURE 4. The cam member 1401 is formed intermediate its ends with an inclined slot 141 in which a cam pin 14'4 carried by the upper end of the lock bar 1130 is positioned. When the lock bar 130 1s moved upwardly, the cam pin 144 moves in the slot 141 to swing the locking cam 140 upwardly about its pivot 142 to the locking position shown in FIGURE 4. 7

An actuating toggle unit is attached to the lower end of the lock bar 130 for moving it up and down in the guide brackets 132. The toggle unit 150 includes an upper link 152 connected at one end by a pivot 154 to the lower end of the lock bar 130* and at its opposite end by a pivot 156 to the upper end of a lower link 153 which is secured by a pivot 160 at its lower end to a bracket 162 carried by the frame bar 70. The pivot 156 carries a roller 164 which is engageable with the side sash member 26 for moving the toggle unit 150 so as to move the link 152 upwardly and in turn slide the lock bar 130 upwardly in the guide brackets 132. In the closed position of the sash 24, the locking cam 140 moves upwardly behind a keeper i carried by the sash member 26 so as to pull the sash member 26 tightly against the adjacent frame member 16. As shown in FIGURE 4, in the locked position of the sash 24, the cam pin 144 is only slightly below the horizontal plane of the keeper 170 thereby providing a positive lock for the sash 24.

In the assembly of the sash 24 with the frame 14, the beams 78 and 92 are secured to the bottom and top sash members 32 and 30, respectively, as shown in FIGURES 8 and 12 and the rollers 116 on the upper and lower beams 92 and 78, respectively, are positioned in the upper and lower tracks 76 and 74, respectively, so that the carriages 108 are movable in their tracks from positions adjacent the right side frame member 18 in the closed position of the sash 24 toward the left side frame member 16 to provide for a horizontal swinging movement of the sash 24 in which the left sash member 26 moves away from the left frame member 1-6. For moving the carriages i108 along the tracks 74 and 76, a crank lever 172 (FIG. 7) is provided. A roller 174 on one end of the lever 172 is positioned in the track 106 in the lower beam 78. The opposite end of the lever 172 is pivotally mounted within a gear housing 176 secured to the lower frame bar 70 and positioned on the inside of the building in which the window frame 14 is mounted. Meshing helical gears (not shown) positioned within the housing 176 and secured to or formed integral with the lever 172 and an actuating handle 178 provide for swinging movement of the lever 172 in response to rotation of the handle 178.

As a result, on swinging movement of the lever 172 in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIGURE 7, the roller 174 is moved along the track 106 toward the end of the beam 78 provided with the extension 80 to swing the lower beam 78 horizontally and move the sash 24 toward an open position. A guide arm 180, connected at one end by a pivot 182 to the frame bar 71 and at the opposite end by a pivot 1 84 to the beam 78, provides for a movement of the carriages 8 along the tracks 74 and 76 in a direction toward the left frame member 16 during outward swinging movement of the lever 172 to open the window 12. Consequently, during movement of the roller 174 along the beam '78 toward the end thereof which carries the extension member 86, the carriages 108 are moved along the tracks 74 and 76 to in effect pivot the sash 24 outwardly about the horizontally moving pivot members 112. As the sash 24 is initially swung outwardly the keeper 170 swings the cam member 140 downwardly about its pivot 142 so as to move the cam pin 144 and the lock bar 130 downwardly to collapse the toggle unit 150 toward the broken line position shown in FIGURE 4. Such movement of the unit 150 is permitted by the movement of the sash member 26 away from the roller 164 so that the toggle unit 150 is no longer held in its straightened position shown in solid lines in FIGURE 4. To close window 112, the lever 172 is swung in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIGURE 7 so as to swing the sash 24 in the same direction so that the left sash member 26 is moved toward the left frame member 16 and the carriages 108 at the top and bottom ends of the right sash member 28 are moved along the tracks 74 and 76 toward the right frame member 18.

When the left sash member 26 engages the roller 164 in the toggle unit 150, which will occur when the sash member 26 is moved slightly closer to the frame member 16 than is illustrated in FIGURE 5, the toggle unit 150 is moved toward its straightened position so that the lock bar 130- is moved upwardly to in turn move the cam pin 144 in the slot 141 so as to swing the cam member :140 upwardly out of the way 0 fthe moving sash member 26. When the sash member 26 has been moved into a position substantially in engagement with the frame member 16 as shown in FIGURE 2, the toggle unit 150 has caused the cam member 146 to be swung upwardly to a position behind the keeper 170 and during such movement it engages the keeper 170 and acts to pull the sash member 26 toward the frame member 16 so as to tightly close the window 14 and eliminate any space between the members 26 and 16 other than that occupied by the usual weatherstripping. In the fully closed position of the sash 24, the cam pin I144 is only slightly below the horizontal plane of the keeper 170, thereby firmly holding the sash member 26 in substantial engagement with the frame member 16.

From the above description, it is seen that this inven- 6. tion provides a casement type window 12 in which the wooden sash 24 is firmly secured to the beams 78 and 92 so that the window is useful over a prolonged service life. The beams 78 and 92 are identical, thereby simplifying manufacture of the mechanism 10 and can be mounted on the sash 24 during installation of the sash 24 so that the sash can be installed either end up. This is important because in some cases the sash 24 is mounted so that the right sash member swings toward and away from the frame and the sash pivots about a vertical axis through the left side thereof. Such an installation is an opposite hand version of the illustrated installation. In such cases the sash 24 is turned upside down so that the cavity 48 is at the lower left hand corner of the sash and the cavity 64 is at the upper left hand corner.

The assembly of the beams 78 and 92 with their supporting tracks 74 and 76, respectively, provides for movement of the sash 24 between the closed position within the frame 14 shown in FIG. 1 to an open position in which the sash 24 is at substantially right angles with respect to the vertical plane of the frame 14. By virtue of the construction of the locking mechanism 68, when the sash 24 is moved to its closed position, the swinging side, namely, the left side of the sash 24- in the illustrated embodiment, is positively closed. A screen is readily mounted on the frame bars 70 and 72 on the inside of the building as shown in FIG. 4.

It will be understood that the specific construction of the improved operating and locking mechanism for casement type windows which is herein disclosed and described is presented for purposes of explanation and illustration and is not intended to indicate limits of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a window which includes an upright frame and a sash mounted thereon for horizontal swinging movement toward and away from the frame between a closed position within the frame and an open position extending outwardly from the frame, track means on said frame opposite the top and bottom ends of said sash in a closed position thereof, beams secured to the top and bottom ends of said sash, roller means adjacent one end of each of said beams disposed in the adjacent track means, an operator mechanism mounted on said frame and having a swinging arm movably mounted on one of said beams for swinging the opposite end thereof toward and away from-said frame so as to swing said sash between said positions, means forming a pair of laterally spaced substantially vertical walls on each of said sash ends, and means on each of said beams extending between and engaged with a pair each of said walls for preventing lateral movement of said beams relative to said sash during opening and closing movement of said sash.

2. In a window which includes an upright frame and a substantially rectangular sash having top and bottom ends and sides extending therebetween, said sash being mounted for horizontal swinging movement toward and away from the frame between a closed position within the frame and an open position extending outwardly from the frame, track means on said frame opposite the top and bottom ends of said sash in a closed position thereof, a pair of beams secured to the top and bottom ends of said sash, a roller carriage pivotally connected to each of said beams adjacent one end thereof and positioned adjacent one side of said sash and disposed in the adjacent track means, an operator mechanism mounted on said frame and engaged with one of said beams for swinging the opposite end thereof toward and away from said frame and for moving said carriages along said track means so as to swing said sash so that the opposite side thereof is movable horizontally toward and away from said frame, and coacting lock means on said frame and said opposite sash side for releasably holding said opposite sash side in a fixed position relative to said frame in response to movement of said opposite sash side toward said frame into a predetermined position relative thereto.

3. In a window which includes an upright frame and a sash mounted'for horizontal swinging movement toward and away from the frame between a closed position within the frame and an open position extending outwardly from the frame, track means on said frame opposite the top and bottom ends of said sash in the closed position thereof, beams secured to the top and bottom ends of said sash, a carriage for each of said beams having rollers disposed in each of said track means, pivot means attaching each beam to its carriage so that the beam is pivotally movable relative to its carriage and so that the carriage is movable vertically with respect to its beam, and spacer means attached to said lower beam adjacent said pivot means and disposed between said beam and said carriage for maintaining said lower carriage a fixed distance from its beam.

4. In a window which includes an upright frame and a sash mounted for horizontal swinging movement toward and away from the frame between a closed position within the frame and an open position extending outwardly from the frame, track means on said frame opposite the top and bottom ends of said sash in the closed position thereof, and an upper and lower beam secured to the top and bottom ends of said sash respectively; a carriage for each of said beams having rollers movably mounted in one each of said track means, pivot means attaching each beam to its carriage so that the beam is pivotally movable relative to its carriage and so that the carriage is movable vertically with respect to its beam, said lower beam having an opening therein spaced from its pivot means, and a spacer member between said lower beam and its carriage and having a slotted head portion receiving the pivot means of said lower beam, said spacer memher having a lateral projection spaced from said head portion a distance to be received in said lower beam opening for maintaining said head portion in said position.

5. In a window which includes an upright frame and a sash mounted for horizontal swinging movement toward and away from the frame between a closed position within the frame and an open position extending outwardly from the frame, a keeper secured on one side of said sash, track means on said frame opposite the top and bottom ends of said sash in the closed position thereof, beams secured to the top and bottom ends of said sash and movably mounted on said track means, a locking cam having a slot therein and pivotally mounted on said frame for up and down swinging movement, a lock bar mounted on said frame and provided with a cam actuating pin disposed in said slot, means connected to said lock bar and responsive in operation to closing movement of said sash for moving said pin in said slot so as to swing said cam upwardly to a position engageable with said keeper and in the path of said keeper on opening movement of said sash, said cam pin in said position of said cam being located only slightly below the horizontal plane of said keeper to thereby firmly hold said sash in its closed position.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 462,932 Rice Nov. '10, 1891 1,247,432 Lunken Nov. 20, 1917 1,982,269 Schaffert et al Nov. 27, 1934 2,718,675 Olsen Sept. 27, 1955 2,948,027 Gill et a1 Aug. 9, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 619,901 Great Britain Mar. 16, 1949 

1. IN A WINDOW WHICH INCLUDES AN UPRIGHT FRAME AND A SASH MOUNTED THEREON FOR HORIZONTAL SWINGING MOVEMENT TOWARD AND AWAY FROM THE FRAME BETWEEN A CLOSED POSITION WITHIN THE FRAME AND AN OPEN POSITION EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM THE FRAME, TRACK MEANS ON SAID FRAME OPPOSITE THE TOP AND BOTTOM ENDS OF SAID SASH IN A CLOSED POSITION THEREOF, BEAMS SECURED TO THE TOP AND BOTTOM ENDS OF SAID SASH, ROLLER MEANS ADJACENT ONE END OF EACH OF SAID BEAMS DISPOSED IN THE ADJACENT TRACK MEANS, AN OPERATOR MECHANISM MOUNTED ON SAID FRAME AND HAVING A SWINGING ARM MOVABLY MOUNTED ON ONE OF SAID BEAMS FOR SWINGING THE OPPOSITE END THEREOF TOWARD AND AWAY FROM SAID FRAME SO AS TO SWING SAID SASH BETWEEN SAID POSITIONS, MEANS FORMING A PAIR OF LATERALLY SPACED SUBSTANTIALLY VERTICAL WALLS ON EACH OF SAID SASH ENDS, AND MEANS ON EACH OF SAID BEAMS EXTENDING BETWEEN AND ENGAGED WITH A PAIR EACH OF SAID WALLS FOR PREVENTING LATERAL MOVEMENT OF SAID BEAMS RELATIVE TO SAID SASH DURING OPENING AND CLOSING MOVEMENT OF SAID SASH. 